What is a combination boiler?
This is a specially designed boiler which is used to heat up the domestic hot water instantly, as and when required, and also to serve a system of hot water central heating. The combination boiler reduces installation costs because no feed and storage vessels are required for the supply of water; also, by omitting the storage of domestic hot water, this boiler saves money which might have been spent heating the water unnecessarily.
Combination boilers are only suitable for low-energy homes in which the demand for hot water is limited. There is a limit both to the volume of water and the speed with which it can be heated up and also, during time of domestic hot water (dhw) demand, there is no central heating (ch). When considering whether or not to install a combination boiler, one needs to ensure that the flow rate of water is sufficient to supply the volume of water needed and possibly. in the case of mains supply systems, to allow for all hot and cold draw-off points. Therefore, if several taps are opened at once it may lead to some appliances being starved of water.
There are many variations of combi, all working on different design concepts. One such system operates as follows:
Should the central heating system call for heat, the pump is energised. This starts the water flowing. As the water passes through a venturi, a pressure differential occurs in the deficiency valve causing the gas valve to open
flows through the main burner and is ignited by the pilot flame.
The water is rapidly heated in the low-water-content heat exchanger and can only circulate around the boiler through the domestic hot water heat exchanger. The expansion of the water is taken up in the sealed expansion vessel.
As and when the temperature of the water reaches 55-60´ C, the thermostatic element expands. causing the hot water system valve to close and the heating system valve to open: this allows water to flow around the heating circuit.
The closing of the hot water system valve also causes a rod to rise and activate a micro-switch. This notifies the boiler control box that higher temperatures can be achieved which are manually determined by the setting of the flow temperature_ selector, on the control panel. and range from 60 to 90°C.
Should domestic water be required the following operation takes place:
When a hot draw-off point is opened. water flows through the differential pressure valve: this causes the diaphragm to lift and activate a micro-switch, energising the pump.
The main burner ignites and the boiler functions, as in (1). (2) and (3) above.
As the cold water passes over the thermostatic element, it keeps the element cool, ensuring that it does not expand, causing the heated water to flow out to the heating circuit.
Therefore the
central heating hot water only circulates through the domestic hot water heat exchanger and around the boiler.
As the cold water passes over the dhw heat exchanger, it is rapidly heated before being discharged through the hot water tap.
Combination Boiler Installation and Repairs
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